1. Which principle states that every contact leaves a trace?
A) Principle of comparison
B) Locard’s Exchange Principle
C) Principle of individuality
D) Principle of probability
2. Policing in India is primarily governed under which constitutional list?
A) State List
B) Union List
C) Concurrent List
D) Residuary Powers
3. Which fingerprint pattern contains two distinct looping formations?
A) Plain whorl
B) Central pocket loop
C) Double loop whorl
D) Accidental whorl
4. Best reagent for developing latent prints on porous surfaces is:
A) Ninhydrin
B) Cyanoacrylate
C) Powder dusting
D) SPR
5. Which crime scene search method is ideal for large outdoor scenes?
A) Spiral
B) Strip/Line
C) Zone
D) Wheel
6. Fine mist-like bloodstains indicate:
A) Low velocity impact
B) Medium velocity impact
C) High velocity impact
D) Passive drops
7. Which agency compiles crime statistics in India?
A) IB
B) NCRB
C) CBI
D) RAW
8. Chain of custody ensures:
A) Evidence integrity
B) Faster investigation
C) Conviction guarantee
D) Investigator immunity
9. IR spectroscopy is mainly used to identify:
A) Functional groups
B) Molecular weight
C) Isotopes
D) Elemental composition
10. Diatom test is significant in determining:
A) Time since death
B) Drowning
C) Poison ingestion
D) Strangulation
11. PCR technique amplifies DNA through:
A) Thermal cycling
B) Centrifugation
C) Electrophoresis
D) Hybridization
12. RFLP analysis requires DNA that is:
A) Degraded
B) High molecular weight
C) Mitochondrial
D) Single stranded
13. Most stable biological fluid for blood grouping is:
A) Dried bloodstain
B) Fresh blood
C) Serum
D) Plasma
14. Which fiber shows highest birefringence?
A) Cotton
B) Wool
C) Rayon
D) Silk
15. Electrostatic Detection Apparatus is used to detect:
A) Indented writings
B) Erasures
C) Ink diffusion
D) Paper fiber
16. Which chromatography separates compounds based on partition?
A) Column chromatography
B) Paper chromatography
C) Ion exchange
D) Gel filtration
17. Hyphenated technique LC-MS combines:
A) Separation and identification
B) Extraction and cleanup
C) Quantification only
D) Screening only
18. Neutron Activation Analysis is based on:
A) Nuclear reactions
B) Electron transitions
C) Molecular vibrations
D) Ion mobility
19. Spin-only formula is used to calculate:
A) Magnetic moment
B) Bond order
C) Hybridization
D) Oxidation state
20. Jablonski diagram explains:
A) Reaction kinetics
B) Electronic transitions
C) Nuclear decay
D) Bond energies
21. Quantum yield greater than 1 indicates:
A) Chain reaction
B) No reaction
C) Endothermic reaction
D) Thermal degradation
22. Most reliable sign of death is:
A) Rigor mortis
B) Putrefaction
C) Algor mortis
D) Livor mortis
23. Heat rupture of skin with no vital reaction is:
A) Post-mortem injury
B) Ante-mortem injury
C) Defence wound
D) Accidental wound
24. Entry firearm wound usually shows:
A) Everted margins
B) Inverted margins
C) No abrasion collar
D) Tearing only
25. Most common cause of cyanide poisoning death is:
A) Cellular hypoxia
B) Respiratory failure
C) Cardiac arrest
D) Hemorrhage
26. Volatile poisons are best extracted by:
A) Solvent extraction
B) Steam distillation
C) Sublimation
D) Crystallization
27. LSD primarily affects:
A) CNS
B) PNS
C) Liver
D) Kidneys
28. Cannabis resin is known as:
A) Bhang
B) Charas
C) Ganja
D) Opium
29. Numerical aperture determines:
A) Resolving power
B) Magnification
C) Field depth
D) Contrast
30. Polarizing microscope is mainly used for:
A) Metals
B) Fibers & minerals
C) DNA
D) Bloodstains
31. The resolving power of a microscope depends primarily on:
A) Magnification
B) Numerical aperture
C) Tube length
D) Light intensity
32. Which interference device is used for precise wavelength measurement?
A) Michelson interferometer
B) Diffraction grating
C) Polarimeter
D) Spectroscope
33. Which law explains absorption of radiation initiating photochemical reactions?
A) Stark–Einstein law
B) Grothus–Draper law
C) Beer–Lambert law
D) Planck’s law
34. Phosphorescence differs from fluorescence due to:
A) Forbidden triplet transitions
B) Higher quantum yield
C) Shorter lifetime
D) Higher energy emission
35. Which hybridization corresponds to trigonal planar geometry?
A) sp
B) sp³
C) sp²
D) dsp²
36. Delocalized bonding is best represented in:
A) Alkanes
B) Benzene
C) Alcohols
D) Ketones
37. Metallo-porphyrin in hemoglobin contains:
A) Iron
B) Copper
C) Magnesium
D) Zinc
38. Paramagnetic substances are characterized by:
A) All electrons paired
B) Presence of unpaired electrons
C) Negative susceptibility
D) Temperature independence
39. Centripetal acceleration is directed:
A) Towards the center
B) Tangentially
C) Away from center
D) Along velocity
40. Which property remains unchanged with temperature variation?
A) Density
B) Viscosity
C) Mass
D) Refractive index
41. Tyre skid marks are mainly useful for estimating:
A) Vehicle weight
B) Speed of vehicle
C) Engine power
D) Brake condition
42. Reconstruction stage involving hypothesis testing is:
A) Analytical reconstruction
B) Temporal reconstruction
C) Relational reconstruction
D) Event reconstruction
43. Glass fracture with concentric cracks indicates:
A) Direction of force
B) Point of impact
C) Velocity of projectile
D) Type of weapon
44. Photography admissibility in court depends on:
A) Continuity and authenticity
B) Camera resolution
C) Photographer expertise
D) Editing software
45. Indented writing is best detected using:
A) VSC
B) ESDA
C) UV light
D) IR imaging
46. Most common solvent used in TLC is:
A) Mixed solvent system
B) Water only
C) Alcohol only
D) Non-polar solvent only
47. Immuno-electrophoresis is mainly used for analysis of:
A) DNA
B) Proteins
C) Lipids
D) Carbohydrates
48. Autopsy conducted by court order is called:
A) Medico-legal autopsy
B) Clinical autopsy
C) Anatomical autopsy
D) Virtual autopsy
49. Cadaveric spasm differs from rigor mortis because it:
A) Appears late
B) Occurs at moment of death
C) Affects all muscles
D) Is temperature dependent
50. Incised wounds are characterized by:
A) Clean-cut margins
B) Abrasion collar
C) Tissue bridging
D) Ragged edges
51. Snake venom primarily acts as:
A) Hepatotoxin
B) Neurotoxin or hemotoxin
C) Nephrotoxin
D) Cardiotoxin only
52. Botanical evidence is especially useful in:
A) Linking suspect to scene
B) Age estimation
C) Sex determination
D) Cause of death
53. Pollen grains are best examined using:
A) SEM
B) Light microscope
C) TEM
D) Fluorescence microscope
54. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited:
A) Maternally
B) Paternally
C) Biparentally
D) Randomly
55. PCR inhibitors are commonly found in:
A) Blood serum
B) Soil and humic substances
C) Saliva
D) Semen
56. Solvent extraction is based on difference in:
A) Solubility
B) Density
C) Melting point
D) Vapor pressure
57. GLC is unsuitable for compounds that are:
A) Volatile
B) Thermolabile
C) Low molecular weight
D) Non-polar
58. AAS is mainly used for detection of:
A) Metals
B) Organic compounds
C) Proteins
D) Drugs
59. Raman spectroscopy differs from IR because it involves:
A) Absorption
B) Scattering
C) Emission
D) Fluorescence
60. The best indicator of ante-mortem burn is:
A) Line of redness
B) Charring
C) Blister without serum
D) Heat fractures
61. Firearm range determination uses:
A) Bloodstain pattern
B) Gunshot residue
C) Wound depth
D) Bullet weight
62. Phenothiazines are classified as:
A) Antipsychotics
B) Analgesics
C) Hallucinogens
D) Sedatives only
63. Barbiturates primarily depress:
A) Cardiovascular system
B) Central nervous system
C) Peripheral nerves
D) Muscular system
64. Track marks are commonly associated with:
A) Vehicle movement
B) Footwear
C) Firearms
D) Bloodstains
65. Primary purpose of investigator interview is:
A) Confession
B) Information gathering
C) Threat assessment
D) Legal warning
66. RAW functions mainly under:
A) Cabinet Secretariat
B) Ministry of Home Affairs
C) Ministry of Defence
D) Parliament
67. Spiral search is least suitable for:
A) Confined areas
B) Uneven terrain
C) Small rooms
D) Water bodies
68. Evidence with class characteristics alone can:
A) Associate with group
B) Individualize source
C) Prove guilt conclusively
D) Replace individual evidence
69. Individualization is strongest in:
A) Blood group
B) DNA profiling
C) Hair morphology
D) Fiber color
70. Information management in crime scene refers to:
A) Documentation and flow of data
B) Evidence packaging
C) Manpower allocation
D) Tool selection
71. Videography at crime scene is crucial for:
A) Evidence enhancement
B) Spatial relationship recording
C) Suspect identification
D) Public disclosure
72. IPC, CrPC and IEA are mainly relevant for:
A) Legal admissibility
B) Evidence collection only
C) Laboratory analysis
D) Medical examination
73. Tire impression preserved using:
A) Casting
B) Photography and casting
C) Lifting tape
D) Swabbing
74. The first step in crime scene processing is:
A) Securing the scene
B) Evidence collection
C) Documentation
D) Reconstruction
75. Ethics in forensic science primarily demand:
A) Rapid reporting
B) Objectivity and impartiality
C) Investigator discretion
D) Conviction support
